Biological Agents
Risk of:
- Infection e.g. Legionnaires' disease, blood borne virus.
Possible causes:
- Stagnation of water system or failure to maintain water system.
- Inappropriate storage and disposal of healthcare risk waste.
Chemical Agents
Risk of:
- Adverse health effects such as burns, dermatitis and respiratory problem.
- Fire.
- Resident/visitor being able to access hazardous chemicals.
Possible causes:
- Exposure to hazardous chemicals such as cleaning chemicals and disinfectants.
- Sensitisation to latex e.g. use of powdered latex gloves.
- Mixing incompatible chemicals.
- Chemicals not stored appropriately.
Electricity
Risk of:
- Burns.
- Electric shock.
- Death.
- Fire.
Possible causes:
- Faulty or damaged equipment e.g. damaged plugs and cords.
- Wet contact with electrical equipment.
- No or poor maintenance of equipment.
- Overloading of electrical sockets.
- Improper use of equipment.
- Residual Current Device (RCD) not working.
Ergonomic Hazards
Risk of:
- Strains in the neck, back, shoulder or arms and other musculoskeletal disorders.
Possible causes:
- Adopting awkward or stooped postures whilst cleaning or vaccuming e.g. reaching above shoulder height, bending below knee height, working in confined space.
- Using equipment that requires considerable effort to use or repetitive gripping action.
- Lifting heavy equipment e.g. vacuum cleaners.
- Poorly designed or unsuitable equipment.
Falling Objects
Risk of:
- Minor injuries such as cuts and bruises to serious injury.
Possible causes:
- Lack of space resulting in goods falling from shelf.
- Unsafe system of stacking.
Fire
Risk of:
- Smoke inhalation.
- Burns.
- Death.
Possible causes:
- Overloaded sockets or extension leads.
- Faulty equipment.
- No or poor maintenance of equipment.
- Blocked or obstructed fire exits.
- Accumulation of rubbish.
- Escape routes not clearly marked.
- Goods stored too close to lights.
Manual Handling
Risk of:
- Back injury, sprains and strains.
Possible causes:
- Lack of mechanical handling equipment e.g. trolleys and other aids.
- Lifting and moving heavy items such as furniture.
Slips, Trips and Falls
Risk of:
- Minor injuries such as cuts to major injuries such as broken bones, concussion and even death.
Possible causes:
- Uneven floors, loose or torn carpeting, broken tiles.
- Obstructed floors, surfaces or aisles.
- Trailing leads / electric cords across walkways.
- Unsafe system of work for mopping floors.
- Poor housekeeping.
- Poor lighting.
- Unsuitable footwear.
Note: This is not an exhaustive list of hazards and risks.